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Source: (1492-1898) Spanish Colonization of the Americas

Description

Type	Value
Source Title	(1492-1898) Spanish Colonization of the Americas
Abbreviation	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas
Authority
Author	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas
Place
Publication	http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas
Reference Number
Reference Type

Entries assigned to this source

Persons
Maria Hilaria Avila

Text


Colonial expansion under the crown of Castile was initiated by the Spanish conquistadores and developed by the Monarchy of Spain through its administrators and missionaries. The motivations for colonial expansion were trade and the spread of the Catholic faith through indigenous conversions. It lasted for over four hundred years, from 1492 to 1898. Beginning with the 1492 arrival of Christopher Columbus, over nearly four centuries the Spanish Empire would expand across: most of present day Central America, the Caribbean islands, and Mexico; much of the rest of North America including the Southwestern, Southern coastal, and California Pacific Coast regions of the United States; and though inactive, with claimed territory in present day British Columbia Canada; and U.S. states of Alaska, Washington, and Oregon; and the western half of South America. In the early 19th century the revolutionary movements resulted in the independence of most Spanish colonies in America, except for Cuba and Puerto Rico, given up in 1898 following the Spanish-American War, together with Guam and the Philippines in the Pacific. Spain's loss of these last territories politically ended Spanish colonization in America. In 1509, authority was granted to Alonso de Ojeda and Diego de Nicuesa, to colonize the territories between Cabo Gracias a Dios to Cabo de la Vela. All territories of Tierra Firme were unified in the Governorate of Castilla de Oro under Pedro Arias Dávila on 1513. In 1513, Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama, to find gold but instead led the first European expedition to the Pacific Ocean and the west coast of the New World. In an action with enduring historical import, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean and all the lands adjoining it for the Spanish Crown. It was 1517 before another expedition from Cuba explored Central America. It landed on the coast of the Yucatán peninsula in search of slaves. The first mainland explorations were followed by a phase of inland expeditions and conquest. The Spanish crown extended the Reconquista effort, completed in Spain in 1492, to non-Catholic people in new territories. In 1500 the city of Nueva Cádiz is founded on the island of Cubagua, Venezuela and it was shortly followed by the founding by Alonso de Ojeda of Santa Cruz in present day Guajira peninsula. In 1502 on the coast of present day Colombia, near the Gulf of Urabá, Spanish explorers led by Vasco Núñez de Balboa explored and conquered the area near the Atrato River. The conquest was of the Chibchan speaking nations, mainly the Muisca and Tairona indigenous people that lived here. The Spanish founded San Sebastian de Uraba in 1509—abandoned within the year. In approximately 1510 there is indirect evidence that the first permanent Spanish mainland settlement in America was established, Santa María la Antigua del Darién. These were the first European settlements in America. History rarely has recorded the very early Spanish Empire colony towns of the Tidewater area of the present day states of Maryland and Virginia and other southern areas, from Florida to Kentucky in the United States. The Spanish settlements among the southern Indian tribes predate the English sponsored Jamestown Colony of Virginia. The community of South America, now in Bell County, Kentucky is one example. Spain claimed the southern part of what is now the United States all the way to the Ohio River. Cherokee and other southern tribes had treaties with Spain, among other great powers. Daniel Boone, an American folk hero, was also an official of the Spanish Empire. Spain retreated, lost or sold part of what it claimed to be its' North American territory to other great powers and the United States. There is a difference in the 'Spanish conquest of Mexico' between the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire and the Spanish conquest of Yucatán. The former is conquest of the campaign, led by Hernán Cortés from 1519–21 and his Tlaxcala and other 'indigenous peoples' allied against the Mexica/Aztec empire. The Spanish conquest of Yucatán is the much longer campaign, from 1551–1697, against the Maya peoples of the Maya civilization in the Yucatán Peninsula of present day Mexico and northern Central America. The day Hernán Cortés landed ashore at present day Veracruz, April 22, 1519, marks the beginning of 300 years of Spanish hegemony over the region. In 1535, the Viceroyalty of New Spain was established by Charles V.

Colonial expansion under the crown of Castile was initiated by the Spanish conquistadores and developed by the Monarchy of Spain through its administrators and missionaries. The motivations for colonial expansion were trade and the spread of the Catholic faith through indigenous conversions. It lasted for over four hundred years, from 1492 to 1898.

Beginning with the 1492 arrival of Christopher Columbus, over nearly four centuries the Spanish Empire would expand across: most of present day Central America, the Caribbean islands, and Mexico; much of the rest of North America including the Southwestern, Southern coastal, and California Pacific Coast regions of the United States; and though inactive, with claimed territory in present day British Columbia Canada; and U.S. states of Alaska, Washington, and Oregon; and the western half of South America. In the early 19th century the revolutionary movements resulted in the independence of most Spanish colonies in America, except for Cuba and Puerto Rico, given up in 1898 following the Spanish-American War, together with Guam and the Philippines in the Pacific. Spain's loss of these last territories politically ended Spanish colonization in America.

In 1509, authority was granted to Alonso de Ojeda and Diego de Nicuesa, to colonize the territories between Cabo Gracias a Dios to Cabo de la Vela. All territories of Tierra Firme were unified in the Governorate of Castilla de Oro under Pedro Arias Dávila on 1513.

In 1513, Vasco Núñez de Balboa crossed the Isthmus of Panama, to find gold but instead led the first European expedition to the Pacific Ocean and the west coast of the New World. In an action with enduring historical import, Balboa claimed the Pacific Ocean and all the lands adjoining it for the Spanish Crown. It was 1517 before another expedition from Cuba explored Central America. It landed on the coast of the Yucatán peninsula in search of slaves.

The first mainland explorations were followed by a phase of inland expeditions and conquest. The Spanish crown extended the Reconquista effort, completed in Spain in 1492, to non-Catholic people in new territories. In 1500 the city of Nueva Cádiz is founded on the island of Cubagua, Venezuela and it was shortly followed by the founding by Alonso de Ojeda of Santa Cruz in present day Guajira peninsula. In 1502 on the coast of present day Colombia, near the Gulf of Urabá, Spanish explorers led by Vasco Núñez de Balboa explored and conquered the area near the Atrato River. The conquest was of the Chibchan speaking nations, mainly the Muisca and Tairona indigenous people that lived here. The Spanish founded San Sebastian de Uraba in 1509—abandoned within the year. In approximately 1510 there is indirect evidence that the first permanent Spanish mainland settlement in America was established, Santa María la Antigua del Darién. These were the first European settlements in America.

History rarely has recorded the very early Spanish Empire colony towns of the Tidewater area of the present day states of Maryland and Virginia and other southern areas, from Florida to Kentucky in the United States. The Spanish settlements among the southern Indian tribes predate the English sponsored Jamestown Colony of Virginia. The community of South America, now in Bell County, Kentucky is one example. Spain claimed the southern part of what is now the United States all the way to the Ohio River. Cherokee and other southern tribes had treaties with Spain, among other great powers. Daniel Boone, an American folk hero, was also an official of the Spanish Empire. Spain retreated, lost or sold part of what it claimed to be its' North American territory to other great powers and the United States.

There is a difference in the 'Spanish conquest of Mexico' between the Spanish conquest of the Aztec Empire and the Spanish conquest of Yucatán. The former is conquest of the campaign, led by Hernán Cortés from 1519–21 and his Tlaxcala and other 'indigenous peoples' allied against the Mexica/Aztec empire. The Spanish conquest of Yucatán is the much longer campaign, from 1551–1697, against the Maya peoples of the Maya civilization in the Yucatán Peninsula of present day Mexico and northern Central America. The day Hernán Cortés landed ashore at present day Veracruz, April 22, 1519, marks the beginning of 300 years of Spanish hegemony over the region. In 1535, the Viceroyalty of New Spain was established by Charles V.

Media

URL

Spanish colonization of the Americas

Notes


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas